What is bench footing?
Bench footing is a basement lowering technique where excavation leaves a step or ledge of undisturbed soil against the foundation wall, rather than digging out the entire soil volume beneath the footing.
During basement lowering work, contractors must safely manage the soil beneath existing foundation footings. Bench footing achieves this by excavating the basement floor while deliberately leaving a step or shoulder of undisturbed earth tight against the foundation wall. This ledge, or bench, supports the footing temporarily and reduces the pressure load during the process.
The bench method differs fundamentally from underpinning, where contractors remove soil entirely beneath the footing and install new structural support (such as micropiles, helical piles, or concrete pads) before lowering the basement. Bench footing avoids this additional support infrastructure by relying on the remaining soil mass.
Bench footing works best in stable soil conditions and modest excavation depths common in Greater Toronto Area basement projects. It costs less than underpinning because it eliminates the need for new foundation support systems. However, the method requires careful soil assessment, proper dewatering, and compliance with Ontario building code requirements. Contractors performing this work must evaluate soil bearing capacity and slope stability to ensure the bench remains stable throughout construction.
When planning a basement renovation or lowering project, understanding the difference between bench footing and underpinning helps you discuss the right approach for your lot conditions and budget with your contractor.